Buildings can be earthquake-proofed in a number of ways:
Construction and seismic design: Designing and constructing structures with seismic safety in mind is the most efficient approach to shield them from earthquakes. This includes making use of techniques and materials that can withstand earthquake forces, like steel frames and reinforced concrete.
Base isolation: By isolating a building from its foundation, an earthquake-resistant building may move independently. The structure is supported by seismic isolation bearings, which lessen the amount of ground motion that is transmitted to the building while allowing it to move horizontally.
Dissipation of energy: This entails installing dampers and absorbers, as well as other components, in a structure so that it can absorb energy during an earthquake. As a result, the structure is less likely to sustain damage. These devices lessen the amount of energy that is delivered to the building.
Retrofitting for earthquake resistance: Buildings that already exist can be retrofitted to increase their seismic resistance. This frequently entails strengthening the building's structure by adding features like steel or concrete beams.
Emergency planning: People in a building may be kept safe during an earthquake by having an emergency plan in place and practicing often. This involves keeping emergency supplies like food, water, and first aid kits on hand as well as understanding how to swiftly and securely exit the premises.
Although no structure can be totally earthquake-proof, by taking these precautions, the risk of damage and injuries can be significantly decreased.